Learn To Improve Your Content With A Review For PaperHelp?

Learn To Improve Your Content With 'A Review For PaperHelp?''A Review For PaperHelp?,' which is the title of a web page I have created and maintained for over three years, is also my site's theme. The page was initially designed to review 'An Effective Review-Writing Technique' that is available in my book 'The Master Review,' and also in an e-book that I wrote about effective writing. An 'Effective Review' includes a series of nine tips that each review should contain, and all of these tips are available at my web site.The bottom line of the review is that it is always better to check for your reviewer before you ask them to do a review. If you want to save money by doing a formal job for an agency or a client, then you should also be prepared to check the contents of any written content before you agree to a review for them.Your reputation is important to your business, and your content should be as well. A complete review can be the difference between success and failure and to ma ke sure that your content is correct, you should ask for and read the reviews first before you agree to be reviewed for them.One of the topics that you will find on the Internet, and that is definitely something that you should read about before you agree to a review for a major review site is the negative comments that are posted. On the web you will find forums, blog posts, and blog pages where clients will openly criticize your work.Although I do not advocate that you read all the comments before you agree to be reviewed for them, you should make sure that you take the time to read all of them carefully before you agree to a review for them. It is also smart to hire a writer who will do a formal activity before you agree to be reviewed for them.There are numerous reasons why it is not smart to accept a review for PaperHelp and to review for them without checking out the reviews first. If you can't afford to hire a writer, or if you just do not want to spend the time reviewing you r work before you agree to a review for them, then you should get a copy of 'The Master Review.'The most important things that you should know about the Master Review are that it is a complete review, and that it is free. It is nothing more than a condensed version of my e-book that will show you exactly how to create a superb review, including the nine other helpful tips that are included in my review.With the assistance of the reviews, you will also find out how to create a cohesive review, and the advice on how to do it will also be contained in my review. You can learn to manage your content, make better decisions, and even improve your ability to write by doing these reviews.

Overview of William Faulkner - Literature Essay Samples

William Cuthbert Falkner started his life on September 25, 1897, in Mississippi. He was born into a prominent family, who owned banks and a railroad. Mammy Callie, his childhood nurse, was a major contributor to his works. The stories she would tell him stayed with him for his entire life, and even inspired some of his stories. Although his greatest influence was his great-grandfather, whom everyone called the Old Colonel. Falkner decided from a young age that he was going to write just like the Old Colonel. He was not scholarly though, by the fourth grade he grew bored with school and finally dropped out his second time through the eleventh grade. Falkner had many jobs, before his first manuscript was published. He joined the British Royal Air Force and added a â€Å"u† to his last name, to make himself sound more British, but he would never see a day of combat. After his failed attempt at being a pilot, he returned to Oxford and became the Postmaster at the University of Mis sissippi Post Office. When he was fired for throwing mail away, he moved to New Orleans and started writing. The publishers did not like his first book Flags in the Dust, so he edited it down and renamed it Sartoris. Although he had a rocky start, his writing career soon took off with his second book, The Sound and the Fury (Harmon). William Faulkner creates an entire world based on his own experiences. He predominately writes about Mississippi during its transition from the Old South, of the Civil War, to the age of industry. Early in his life Faulkner said â€Å"he realized he could write for a lifetime and never fully exhaust his little postage stamp of native soil† (Ferris 6). Although he gives the fictional name Yoknapatawapha County to his main setting, it is really based on Lafayette County where he spent most of his life. â€Å"Faulkner grew up surrounded by traditional lorefamily and regional stories, rural folk wisdom and humor, heroic and tragic accounts of the War Between the States, and tales of the hunting code and the Southern gentlemans ideal of conduct† (William Faulkner). This history coupled with his drive to be part of the modern world creates a conflict within Faulkner that comes out in his work. As biographer Singal states, â€Å"All his life Faulkner would struggle to reconcile these two divergent approaches to selfhood—the Victorian urge toward unity and stability he had inherited as a child of the southern rural gentry, and the Modernist drive for multiplicity and change that he absorbed very early in his career as a self-identifying member of the international artistic avant-garde. This struggle leads to Faulkner’s need to present traditional southern people through modern techniques. He achieves this goal by thorough character development, and these characters are brought to life through a variety of methods. Three of the most effective techniques Faulkner uses are his ability to capture the dialect and mannerisms of his characters, his character’s need to dwell on their past, and a stream of consciousness approach to much of his storytelling. The South of Faulkner’s works is filled with the trappings of their time: an agricultural society, Southern belles and gentlemen, racial inequality, and especially the rural Southern dialect. Faulkner presents a realistic portrait of the South that he grew up in by using samples of the Southern language, including the speech of both the upper and lower classes. Faulkner establishes a unique voice which is recognizable for its distinct vocabulary, pronunciation, and lack of grammatical form, which is unique to the South. Faulkner uses this convention perfectly in â€Å"Barn Burning.† From the first time he uses Colonel Sartoris Snopes’ voice, it is clear who this child is and his probable lot in life. By describing his father’s enemy as â€Å"ourn! mine and hisn both!† (â€Å"Barn† 3), many details of the boy’s education are brought to light through these five words. When Abner warns Sartoris that â€Å"You got to learn to stick to you r own blood or you ain’t going to have any blood to stick to you† (â€Å"Barn Burning† 8), Faulkner shows in just one sentence how Abner acts towards his son. Faulkner’s dialect is effective as both a literary device and as a link between the language, culture, and history of the South. Faulkner succeeds in representing the Southern dialect which consistently throughout his stories. In his writing, this can be described by such traits as an intentional misspelling, or the use of Miss along with a woman’s first name, such as Miss Emily. Linguists such as Raven McDavid have gathered that the oldest and least educated, as well as many Blacks, in their Southern language studies have demonstrated usage of improper verb past tenses such as div for dive, growed for grow, and riz for rise (McDavid 264-280). Accordingly, in Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury, there is an immense sign on the Negro Second Baptist Church which reads â€Å"He Is Ris.† One other trait of Faulkner’s language that is common to Southern dialects is the occasional loss of the â€Å"r† sound, as in the words â€Å"baun† for bor n, and â€Å"bastud† for bastard. These words, along with dozens of others appearing in many of Faulkner’s stories help solidify the speaker and dialect in the reader’s mind. Faulkner’s representation of Southern speech in writing follows the actual linguistic parameters of the Southern Lowland, or Southern Proper, dialect very closely, by Raven McDavid’s classification. So, his written dialogue is a close copy to the Southern dialect he truly speaks. Faulkner makes a strong effort to display all the nuances of this dialect, even though many of them cannot really be sensed through writing alone. For instance, the clues presented by facial and bodily expressions must be made up for with written equivalents, such as pronunciation, grammar, and word usage. Faulkner’s works also portray differing perceptions of time. Many of his main characters have neither present nor future; they are caught in their own pasts. â€Å"As to Faulkners heroes, they never look ahead† (Sartre 91). One of Faulkners most powerful disconnected characters is Joe Christmas, in Light in August. The first description of the protagonist is rootless (Light 21), and his memories begin from the age of five, when he was adopted from an orphanage. Therefore, he has no concrete knowledge of his heritage and undergoes a painful identity crisis. To his dismay, his foster parents, the MacEacherns, mercilessly force zealous religious beliefs on him. Always different from others, he becomes an outcast, and he is called a nigger so often that he loses all sense of self-worth. The childhood of abuse from his family and racial slurs from his peers scar every memory and he cannot escape his past. Joe Christmas is not determined by his past, he is his past and has no concept of his future (Poullion 83). Joe develops negative associations, towards women, because the only time he sees them is at church. He falls in love with Bobbie, the waitress, but his original distrust of women is reinforced when he discovers she is a prostitute. Thus through the persistence of past impressions, especially childhood impressions, Faulkner shows that the present is submerged in the past, that what is lived in the present is what was lived in the past (Poullion 80). Once Joe killed MacEachern, he entered the street which was to run for fifteen years (Light 223). During the time Joe is running away, he loses his grasp on reality and time. â€Å"He thought that it was loneliness which he was trying to escape and not himself (Light 226). For a while he gains some stability in his relationship with Johanna Burden, and she threatens his life with religious conversion. He is again reminded of his history and cannot handle this relationship, so he kills her and runs away again. He looses his grip on time and reality, once again. He could never know when he would pass from one to another, when he found he has been asleep without remembering having lain down, or find himself waking without remembering having waked (Light 333). He does not think of eating and sleeping, and in two bouts of lunacy he even demands to know the day of the week. It was as though now and at last he had an actual and urgent need to strike off the accomplished days toward some pu rpose without either falling short or overshooting (Light 335). The secret of Joes past is revealed at the end of the novel, after he has been captured and accused of murder. The pieces are put together for the reader alone. It is stated that he was the illegitimate son of a black circus worker, and that his grandfather, Doc Hines, was the janitor at the orphanage. Joe is never given this crucial piece of information, and it is not until Percy Grimm castrates and murders him that he can truly rest in peace. Then his face, body, all, seemed to collapse, to fall in upon itself and from the slashed garments about his hips and loins the pent black blood seemed to rush like a released breath (Light 465). His past is the permanent thorn in his side that keeps him from seeing his future, or even his present. In The Sound and the Fury, Faulkner creates a mentally retarded character named Benjy Compson. Among the novel’s four narrators, Benjys vivid observations combine to paint the most revealing picture of the Compson family. Benjy chronicles major events in his life such as his name change at early childhood, the realization that he has been castrated, and Caddys transformation. His awareness of his surroundings and aversion to change is not clear to others, because he has difficulty expressing himself. He has no sense of chronological time at all. His narration consists of mixed memories, constantly jumping from one thought to the next without any indication. Overall, Benjys recollections add a dreamlike quality to the novel: The past takes on a sort of super-reality; its contours are hard and clear, unchangeable (Sartre 89). What confuses the reader does not confuse Benjy, since his entire existence is a collage of his disjointed memories. Benjy can only use his senses to register emotion, and relies mostly on his hearing and sense of smell. His past is sensation (Sartre 48). Almost instinctively, he knows when changes in his routine have occurred. For example, he loves the fact that his sister Caddy always smells like trees. On her wedding day, Benjy realizes, Caddy put her arms around me, and her shining veil, and I couldnt smell trees anymore and I began to cry (Sound 40). He knows she is leaving home and he will be left without the only person who ever considered his feelings. While he is loosing his sister he also loses the only other thing that he loves, his pasture. He lay on the ground under the window bellowing. We have sold Benjys pasture so that Quentin may go to Harvard (Sound 94). His never ending continuum of memories makes his dysfunctional family background into a prison of despair. Benjy Compson, in The Sound and the Fury, and Joe Christmas, in Light in August, are trapped in their own bitter pasts, which shows that â€Å"a mans misfortune lies in his being time-bound (Sartre 88). Consequently, time fixation is ever-present in the works of Faulkner to emphasize the stranglehold of the past. This fixation is usually coupled with a totally disjointed timeline. This meandering stream of consciousness can be used to show a major aspect about a character or situation. This is the premise for â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† one of Faulkner’s most widely read stories. In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, Faulkner relates the events of Emily’s life out of order. He does this through a mourner at her funeral sharing their memories, in the order that they remember them. Through theses memories Faulkner reveals the town’s feelings towards her. Since these events do not follow each other logically, the reader is kept in the dark to build suspense. Instead, the story starts from the end, with the mourners gathering at Miss Emily’s house, and jumps from time period to time period. Faulkner â€Å"juxtaposed the lives of different characters in scenes that did not proceed linearly or chronologically† (McHaney 50), and this slow revelation is created to place the events in order of importance and not just linearly. Faulkner believes Emily’s pride and presence, in dealing with the aldermen, is more important than her past, so he gives the account of how she â€Å"vanquished them, horse and foot† (Emily 52), before he explained her past. He then jumps back thirty years, to further explain her hold on the community. By relating the story about the aldermen fixing the smell at Emily’s house, Faulkner is slowly revealing the clues to what is the ultimate discovery. Then he reveals Homer Baron, and how the town thought she would never â€Å"think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer† (Emily 55). Homer was Emily’s only real suitor and had left town shortly before the smell. The final clue is revealed by her purchase of the arsenic, and her ability to circumvent the law to get it. â€Å"Miss Emily just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye, until he looked away and went and got the arsenic and wrapped it up† (Emily 56). Instea d of blatantly stating that Homer was the reason for the smell, Faulkner makes the reader discover it, by giving Homer’s story after giving an account of the smell. Faulkner’s gradual exposure of Emily’s character, through the memory of the mourner, subtly foreshadows the shock and horror of finding the monster in the matriarch of Jefferson, Mississippi. In this way, the reader learns what the town thinks of her, before the discovery, and the feelings that allowed Emily to get away with whatever she wanted for so long. The people of the town never expect this turn of events. Emily represented so much to the town that they could never have suspected her of anything more than eccentricity. This truly shows how their feelings for her clouded their perception of her. By making the reader discover the true sequence of events, Faulkner makes it so that the reader has insight that the town does not see. Although, Homer’s dead body may not be expected by the townspeople it is expected by the reader. While the stream of consciousness can be hard to follow, it does add a sense of accomplishment to figuring out Emily’s secret be fore the town does. If Faulkner would have used a linear plot in the story, part of its meaning and enjoyment would be lost. If there was to be no detective work, then the story would just be a story about an old lady who was a monster. The honing of his techniques, over the years, is what makes Faulkner such a refreshingly individual novelist. Although he can be somewhat long-winded and overly descriptive, his character development is a hallmark of the modernist literature movement of the early twentieth century. His works transcend â€Å"Southern literature† and should be viewed as literature about the South. Even though the dialect may be hard to follow at times, Faulkner has a true gift at capturing the hearts and minds of his characters. The reader does not need to be from the South, or even know much about Southern life, to appreciate the depth and breadth of his works. The works covered are merely his best known, a showcase of what Faulkner can do with a pen. There are many other great stories in his catalogue, from â€Å"Two Soldiers† to Sanctuary, and Faulkner is well worth his reputation and recognition. Works Cited Faulkner, William. â€Å"A Rose for Emily†. Selected Short Stories of William Faulkner. Random House, 1932. 49-61. Faulkner, William. â€Å"Barn Burning†. Selected Short Stories of William Faulkner. Random House, 1932. 3-27. Faulkner, William. Light in August. Vintage International, 1990. Faulkner, William. The Sound and the Fury. Vintage International, 1980. Ferris, William R. â€Å"A Sense of Place†. Humanities. National Endowment for the Humanities. July/August 1999. 4-13. Harmon, Melissa Burdick. â€Å"William Faulkner: The Sound and the Fury of a Self-Destructive Life†. Biography. June 2000. 96-101. McDavid, Raven I. Varieties of American English: Essays. Stanford University Press. 1980. McHaney, Thomas L. â€Å"Faulkner’s Techniques†. Gale Study Guides to Great Literature Vol.6: William Faulkner. Gale Group, 2000. 48-57 Poillon, Jean. Time and Destiny in Faulkner. Faulkner. Ed. Robert Penn Warren. Prentice Hall, 1996. Singal, Daniel J. William Faulkner: The Making of a Modernist. UC Davis. 03 October 2001. . Sartre, Jean-Paul. On The Sound and the Fury: Time in the work of Faulkner. Faulkner. Ed. Robert Penn Warren. Prentice Hall, 1996. â€Å"William Faulkner.† Nobel Lectures, Literature 1901-1967. Editor Horst Frenz. Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam. 1969

Geography Of Food Midterm Exam - 1630 Words

GEOGRAPHY OF FOOD MIDTERM EXAM Terms to Define (answer 5) Consolidation: any industry consolidates when one of the steps in the commodity chain becomes controlled by a finite number of producers. In the beef industry consolidation would be at the slaughterhouse and meat packing level. One company would consolidate the steps of production into one facility. Also companies would consolidate the market by only having a small amount of corporations controlling the slaughterhouses and meat packing. Currently, four companies control 87% of the meat production. The definition of a commodity chain can be broken down into two definitions of commodity, anything produced to be bought and sold in a market, and chain, link between buyers and sellers; producers and consumers. Together a commodity chain is a way to describe an industrial process by tracing the path of its products from the producer to the consumer. The commodity chain steps are as follows: inputs → production → processing and distribution → marketing → and consumption. (check this) An example of this chain in present day circumstances could be a burger you bought from the Sink on the hill in Boulder. The commodity chain would begin at the ranch were the calf is grown into a cow where it is then moved to the feedlot, concentrated animal feeding operation. From this point the cow would move to the slaughterhouse to be processed and grinded into hamburger meat where it would then be transported to a wholesale store, groceryShow MoreRelatedMidterm Exam Study Guide Exam2366 Words   |  10 PagesGarcia Mrs. Fortier World Geography H/Period 4 December 2014 Midterm Exam Study Guide Exam Date: Monday, December 15, 2014 @ 8 A.M. 100 M.C., 10 Short Answers Chapter 1: Prime Meridian and Equator Prime Meridian - imaginary line at 0 ° longitude that connects the North and South poles and divides the earth into the western and eastern hemispheres Equator - imaginary line at 0 ° latitude that divides the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres 5 Themes of Geography Location (where is it?) absoluteRead MoreHow to Be a Smart Consumer and Save Your Money4778 Words   |  20 Pagesthe consumers are wrong either. We have to be careful when it comes to such things. For example, dairy products can’t be kept long. Therefore, always check the expiry date regardless of how cheap the items are. The same goes over when buying canned foods and drinks. Avoid buying canned   products which are dented as they will become slightly poisonous. Ensure the cans are in good shape before buying to ensure you get the best product. It is substantial for us to compare prices of those wholesalers.Read MoreArt History7818 Words   |  32 Pageswaters recede, top soil is highly fertile • Left farms underwater for several months of the year • Farmers moved inward, needed jobs • They were then commissioned to build the pyramids o Paid in clothing o Free housing o Paid in food and drink #61607; Food • Bread • Onions #61607; Drink • Beer #61607; Pyramids took 20-40 years to build EACH ONE #61607; Stones moved using giant sleds o Pg. 54 Ââ€" Grant Gallery #61607; Also called Giant Causeway o Pg. 55 Ââ€" The Great Sphinx #61607;Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagescurrently working on a book in applied mathematical statistics. He is the recipient of a distinguished teaching award from Cal Poly and is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association. In his spare time, he enjoys reading, cooking and eating good food, tennis, and travel to faraway places. He is especially proud of his wife, Carol, a retired elementary school teacher, his daughter Allison, who works for the Center for Women and Excellence in Boston, and his daughter Teri, who is ï ¬ nishing a graduateRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pages xvi Preface ââ€"   ââ€"   Recruiting and selection Workforce planning and talent management Content of the text has also been developed to provide a background in the functional areas identified by the HR Certification Institute (HRCI) for the exams for certification for Professional in Human Resources (PHR), Senior Professional in Human Resources (SPHR) and Global Professional in Human Resources (GPHR). Our goal has been to produce a text that addresses these critical foundations of HRM, yet

Using Microwave Astronomy To Explore the Cosmos

Not many people think about cosmic microwaves as they nuke their food for lunch each day. The same type of radiation a microwave oven uses to zap a burrito helps astronomers explore the universe. Its true: microwave emissions from outer space help give a peek back at the infancy of the cosmos.   Hunting Down Microwave Signals A fascinating set of objects emits microwaves in space. The closest source of nonterrestrial microwaves is our Sun. The specific wavelengths of microwaves that it sends out are absorbed by our atmosphere. Water vapor in our atmosphere can interfere with the detection of microwave radiation from space, absorbing it and preventing it from reaching Earths surface. That taught astronomers who study microwave radiation in the cosmos to put their detectors at high altitudes on Earth, or out in space.   On the other hand, microwave signals that can penetrate clouds and smoke can help researchers study conditions on Earth and enhances satellite communications. It turns out that microwave science is beneficial in many ways.   Microwave signals come in very long wavelengths. Detecting them requires very large telescopes because the size of the detector needs to  be many times greater than the radiation wavelength itself. The best-known microwave astronomy observatories are in space and have revealed details about objects and events all the way out to the beginning of the universe. Cosmic Microwaves Emitters The center of our own Milky Way galaxy is a microwave source, although its not so extensive as in other, more active galaxies. Our black hole (called Sagittarius A*) is a fairly quiet one, as these things go. It doesnt appear to have a massive jet, and only occasionally feeds on stars and other material that pass too close. Pulsars  (rotating neutron stars) are very strong sources of microwave radiation. These powerful, compact objects are second only to black holes in terms of density. Neutron stars have powerful magnetic fields and fast rotation  rates. They produce a broad spectrum of radiation, with the microwave emission being particularly strong. Most pulsars are usually referred to as radio pulsars because of their strong radio emissions, but they can also be microwave-bright. Many fascinating sources of microwaves lie well outside our solar system and galaxy. For example, active galaxies (AGN), powered by supermassive black holes at their cores, emit strong blasts of microwaves. Additionally, these black hole engines can create massive jets of plasma that also glow brightly at microwave wavelengths. Some of these plasma structures can be larger than the entire galaxy that contains the black hole. The Ultimate Cosmic Microwave Story In 1964, Princeton University scientists David Todd Wilkinson, Robert H. Dicke, and Peter Roll decided to build a detector to hunt for cosmic microwaves. They werent the only ones. Two scientists at Bell Labs—Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson—were also building a horn to search for microwaves. Such radiation had been predicted in the early 20th century, but no one had done anything about searching it out. The scientists 1964 measurements showed a dim wash of microwave radiation across the entire sky. It now turns out that the faint microwave glow is a cosmic signal from the early universe. Penzias and Wilson went on to win a Nobel Prize for the measurements and analysis they made that led to the confirmation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Eventually, astronomers got the funds to build space-based microwave detectors, which can deliver better data. For example, the Cosmic Microwave Background Explorer (COBE) satellite  made a detailed study of this CMB beginning in 1989. Since then, other observations made with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) have detected this radiation. The CMB is the afterglow of the big bang, the event that set our universe in motion. It was incredibly hot and energetic. As the newborn cosmos expanded, the density of the heat dropped. Basically, it cooled, and what little heat there was got spread over a larger and larger area. Today, the universe is 93 billion light-years wide, and the CMB represents a temperature of about 2.7 Kelvin. Astronomers consider that diffuse temperature  as microwave radiation and use the minor fluctuations in the temperature of the CMB to learn more about the  origins and evolution of the universe. Tech Talk About Microwaves in the Universe Microwaves emit at frequencies  between 0.3 gigahertz (GHz) and 300 GHz. (One gigahertz is equal to 1 billion Hertz. A Hertz is used to describe how many cycles per second something emits at, with one Hertz being one cycle per second.) This range of frequencies corresponds to wavelengths between a millimeter (one-thousandth of a meter) and a meter. For reference, TV and radio emissions emit in a lower part of the spectrum, between 50 and 1000 Mhz (megahertz).   Microwave radiation is often described as being an independent radiation band but is also considered part of the science of radio astronomy. Astronomers often refer to radiation with wavelengths in the  far-infrared, microwave, and ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio bands as being part of microwave radiation, even though they are technically three separate energy bands.

Time Management Is The Most Frantic Of A Student s Life

The beginning of a student’s life in college is the most frantic. This is the time when the student begins to realize the difference from high school challenges and college challenges. Challenges can motivate or unmotivated a student to continue in the path he or she desires. Motivation is the reason why students do what they do, motivation prompts a students to pursue their desired goals. First year college students should learn to be motivated in order to face college challenges such as time management, academic rigors, and goal setting. A student must accept and face the challenges to come in order to be a successful student, motivation can assist with these challenges. Time management is a challenge for many first time college students. Time management is the process were a student plans and exercises control on specific activities that will increase effectiveness during time in college and out of college. Students have many time related responsibilities like being punctua l to class, meeting coursework deadlines, study time, and much more. It is essential for a student to have good time managing skills to be able to accomplish these task. On May 14, 2014 I had a final exam for my English 30 class. The final exam was to write an essay about a life changing experience in one hour. I was very nervous because I did not think I could deliver this type of work on time. So that afternoon I arrived at school at 3:00 pm and went to the library. I began to draw up a plan of how IShow MoreRelatedThe World Of The Knowledge Society924 Words   |  4 Pagestheir nations will be left behind. Like other kinds of capitalism, the knowledge economy is, in joseph Schumpeter s terms, a force of inventive devastation.it inspires growth and wealth, but its persistent pursuit of revenue and self –interest also straining and fragments the social Oder. Along with other public institutes, our schools must therefore also adoptive the knowledge economy most damaging effe cts. The knowledge economy primarily serves the private good. The knowledge society also incorporatesRead MoreAre Exams a Relevant Form of Assessment in the Education System?1784 Words   |  8 PagesExams were upon us and all one could hear throughout the hostel in the different dormitories, was the frantic flipping of pages as we all tried to maximize on our â€Å"last minute studying† time. I for one had been procrastinating and was trying to â€Å"stuff† my brain with all my notes and the complex formulas in preparation for the chemistry mid-term exam that I was sitting for the following day. The time to face â€Å"our demons† arrived. 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Professor Notes about Management Theory & Practice of Westpac Banking

Question: Discuss about theManagement Theory and Practice for Westpac Banking. Answer: Introduction Organizations around the world are emphasizing on the use of sustainable business practices for ensuring their long-term growth and development. The external competitive environment is causing the need for organizations to carry out their business functions in a manner ensuring the economic, social and environmental development. Sustainability implies for businesses to consider the long-term impact of their operational activities and incorporates the use of such practices that maximizes the interests of all its stakeholders (Wilson, 2003). In this context, the present essay reflects on the sustainability of Westpac Banking Corporation that has been in the news during the past years as an example of organization carrying out its operational activities in a sustainable manner (Smith, 2014). The essay implements the theoretical concepts of sustainability to the selected organization for critically analyzing the influence of these concepts on its managerial practices. At last, the essay provides a series of recommendations to the company to enhance its sustainability. Westpac Banking Corporation Westpac Banking Corporation has been recognized as a leader in the list of Global 100 Most Sustainable Corporations in the World at the World Economic Forum in the year 2014 (Westpac, n.d.). The corporation is categorized as one of the major public bank of Australia. It is involved in providing banking and financial services to about 13 million customers worldwide. It is known to be a sustainability leader in the banking industry of Australia. The corporation has achieved this position by creating long-term value for its customers, employees, shareholders and the community. This is done by Westpac through recognizing its long-term interests and ensuring that these are consistent with resource efficiency. The responsible leadership practices have enabled the corporation to align its strategic objectives with sustainability measures that aims to protect the interest of all its stakeholders. Westpac has developed and maintained a work culture of undertaking social, environmental and eco nomic responsibility to create a sustainable future. The incorporation of sustainability as a key part of its business strategy has enabled Westpac to maximize its performance by promoting its goodwill worldwide (Westpac Group Annual Review and Sustainability Report 2012, 2012). Implementation and Evaluation of Theoretical Concepts of Sustainability Business organizations can achieve corporate sustainability through emphasizing on the theoretical concepts of sustainable development, stakeholder theory and corporate accountability theory. The theoretical concept of sustainable development recognizes the importance of achieving a balance between economic growth, environmental protection and social development for business organizations. According to the World Commission for Environment and Development (WCED), sustainable development can be stated as meeting the demands of present generations appropriately without stressing the ability of future generations to meet their needs and demands (Wilson, 2003).WECD identifies the role and responsibility of business corporations in ensuring the sustainable development of the environment, society and the economy wherein it carries its operational activities. In this context, rights theory states that human rights should be protected and should not be negatively impacted by the property righ ts. As per rights theory, business corporations should protect the human rights of its each and every stakeholder such as employees, local community and the overall societal environment impacted by their property rights. The central principle of sustainable development is also adopting such business practices that do not have any adverse impacts on the environment quality. This emphasizes the need for businesses to minimize the emission of greenhouse gases and other such toxic substance that pollutes the environment. Economic development can be achieved by business organizations through implementation of effective measures that minimizes operational risk, developing reserves and selecting the institutional options that reduces market fluctuations. Thus, it is the ethical obligation of businesses to promote sustainable development by adopting responsible business practices (Wilson, 2003). Stakeholder theory underlines the concept of promoting the well-being of each and every stakeholder by businesses to achieve sustainability. According to the stakeholder theory, the main aim for existence of nay organization is to create value for all its stakeholders. Stakeholders can be defined as group of people that are impacted by the internal and external business environment of an organization such as customers, employees, shareholders, suppliers, local community and many others (Harrison Wicks, 2013). This can be achieved by business firms through developing long-term relationships with all its stakeholders enabling them to attain success and growth. Thus, as per the theory the senior managers should ensure that their organizational functions address the need of its stakeholders effectively. The stakeholder approach in sustainability concepts stresses on the need for businesses to improve the status of the world and not only developing profits for its shareholders (Wilson, 2 003). In this regard, the major challenge that exists for businesses to achieve sustainability is to identify its overall stakeholders and developing strong relationships with them. The next challenge that exists for corporate managers is to develop strategies for different stakeholder group as they have varying goals, priorities and demands. The strategies include implementing measures such as developing safer workplace, producing high-quality products or services, compliance with all the government regulations, environment protection and ensuring social justices. These strategies will enable a business organization to manage effectively its relationships with internal and external group of people for achieving a competitive advantage (Harrison Wicks, 2013). Corporate accountability is also one of the major underlying theoretical concepts in sustainability practices. Corporate accountability incorporates the legal and ethical obligation of businesses for ensuring the development of a res ponsible behavior by maintaining transparency in their operational activities. The theory of accountability emphasizes on protecting the interests of stakeholders by complying with the corporate laws of all the jurisdictions in which an organization conducts its business operations. It emphasizes on the need for organizations to report their performance on environmental, social and economic parameters, known as triple bottom line reporting. Thus, all these theoretical concepts of sustainability has identified and evaluated the need for businesses to achieve sustainability (Keith, 2010). Critical Analysis of the Influence of Theoretical Concepts on Managerial Practices in Westpac Banking Corporation with Reference to Sustainability Westpac Banking Corporation has effectively implemented and adopted all the theoretical concepts of sustainability discussed above. With reference to the theoretical concept of sustainable development, Westpac have very well identified the significance for adopting responsible business practices that promotes social, economic and environment development (Westpacs Sustainable Supply Chain, 2015). For this purpose, senior managers of Westpac has developed a Code of Conduct that its business partners such as employees and suppliers need to follow to minimize the adverse impacts on the environment. Westpac encourages it suppliers to prioritize their environmental targets, conduct independent audits agents appropriate environment standards and incorporate the use environment friendly products. This enables the banking corporation to develop processes and services that does not degrade the environment quality in any aspect (Westpac Group Sanctions Policy, 2014). In addition to this, it is recognized as first bank to support the Green Challenge Plus program launched by Australian government, aimed at reducing the emission of greenhouse gases from the countrys industry sector (Smith, 2014). The banking corporation also has properly understood the responsibility it owes to local communities and aims to carry out operations in a manner that result in developing long-term benefits for its society. Westpac incorporates the use of a written policy for community involvement and aligning its core business strategy in accordance with the needs and expectations of the community (Westpacs Sustainable Supply Chain, 2015). It has launched a Social Change Fellowship Program that aims to improve the well-being of people of the country through inculcating a positive social change in them. This program is aimed at providing opportunity to the Australian people to explore their potential through enrolling in a personalized plan that will improve their skills a nd capabilities (Leigh, 2016). The banking corporation also adopts responsible business practices for achieving economic sustainability by emphasizing on the economic development of the indigenous areas of the countries. It is actively involved in developing sound infrastructure, promoting access to education and improving the condition of living in these areas. Westpac has introduced a micro-finance loans strategy that aims to provide funds to the business entities in these areas that does not matches the mainstream lending criteria (Enabling Prosperity: SuccessFactors ForIndigenous Economic Development, 2014). Westpac has also effectively identified all its key stakeholders and has incorporated best strategies for ensuring the well-being of the internal and external people connected with the organization. The major stakeholders of the banking corporation include customers, employees, community partners, investors and suppliers. Westpac ensures employees welfare by engaging the employees in all its decision-making practices. It is also recognized as the first Australian bank that emphasizes on employee engagement as a major part of its organizational strategy. It abides with core labor standards and provides a healthy working environment through ensuring fair treatment to all to its employees. The banking corporation also implements effective measures so that it does not violate any employment laws and regulations and protects its workers from any type of harassment, discrimination and bullying (Westpac Groups Principles for Doing Business, 2014). Westpac maintains that its banking solutions should be simple and ethical for all its customers. For this purpose, it has implemented effective strategies for being available to the customer at all time by minimizing the waiting time and resolving their problems and complaints quickly and fairly. The bank aims to generate value for its customers by respecting the customers right to privacy and adopting responsible marketing and lending practices. Customers right to privacy is maintained by ensuring that all the personal and financial information of the customers remain confidential so that it is not accessible by any third party (Westpac Groups Principles for Doing Business, 2014). Westpac also markets its products reasonably by adhering with all the legal and regulatory marketing requirements. Westpac protects the interests of the government by promoting economic development through investing in countrys infrastructure and supporting the industrial development of the country. The ba nking corporation has identified its suppliers as most important in enhancing its substantiality performance and therefore has regarded them as business partners. Westpac maintains its relationship with suppliers through abiding with the Code of Conduct that is to be followed by the bank and its suppliers. This helps them to achieve trust of its suppliers and therefore maximizing their interests (Westpac Groups Principles for Doing Business, 2014). Westpac incorporates the concept of corporate accountability for achieving sustainability by complying with all the corporate laws of the jurisdictions wherein it operates its business activities. The operational activities of the bank are monitored and regulated by the following governmental agencies in Australia, that are, Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA), Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and Australian Competition and Consumer Commissions (ACCC). All these governmental agencies in the country provide guideline to Australian banks for conducting their operational activities. Westpac has to abide by all the legal laws and regulations of these governmental agencies for achieving sustainability in all its business practices (Westpac Groups Principles for Doing Business, 2014). Westpac also complies successfully with all the statutory requirements of New Zealand (NZ) and has t herefore established its subsidiary in the country Westpac New Zealand for providing its financial and banking services to the customers of NZ (Westpac: Annual Report, 2008). The US banking operations of the bank are monitored and supervised by US Federal Reserve and International Banking Act (IBA). IBA act maintains that foreign banks are not allowed to establish a branch in the US without obtaining consent of the US Federal Reserve (Westpac Group: US Resolution Plan, 2013). Westpac has also strived to introduce accountability in all its business operations through providing regular reports on its economic, environment and social performance with adoption of Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). The implementation of such a framework by the bank enables it to adopt Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach in its sustainability practices. The GRI report developed by the banking corporation aims to provide disclosure regarding its business strategy, governance, ethics and stakeholder engagement. GRI is an international independent organization that established the sustainability reporting standard for the businesses to seek transparency in their operational activities. The incorporation of a sustainable reporting system by Westpac facilitates it in decision-making practices through identifying the risk in its supply chain management practices and developing effective strategies for mitigating them. The banking corporation has applied best practice standards for repo rting its financial, environmental, social and governance aspects. It also publishes its annual performance reporting and benchmark reporting to maintain accountability and transparency in all its business operations (Approach to reporting, n.d.). Thus, it can be stated from the above discussion that Westpac has successfully implemented all the theoretical concepts of sustainability such as sustainable development, stakeholder engagement and corporate accountability in its operational activities. In addition Recommendations Westpac has achieved sustainability in all its business practices but need to ensure its sustainability through effectively meeting the issues and challenges in banking industry. In this context, it is recommended to Westpac to implement effective measures to strengthen its sustainable business practices for ensuring its long-term growth and success. Westpac is recommended to introduce and adopt a sustainability maturity assessment that ennobles it to continually monitor its sustainability initiatives and comparing them with the standards determined. The assessment will effectively evaluate the performance of the bank by identifying the loopholes in its sustainability strategy and redefining its sustainable objectives more accurately (To be good corporate citizens, banks must improve their sustainability reporting, 2012). In addition to this, Westpac is also recommended to undertake sustainability initiative feedback analysis with all its stakeholders. It would help the banking corpo ration to periodically assess the effectiveness of its sustainability measures adopted for protecting the interests of all its stakeholders. The feedback analysis will appropriately meet the demands of all its stakeholders for gaining access to sustainability related information. Westpac also need to emphasize more on its benchmark reporting system that will facilitate the corporation to review the current trends regarding sustainability in the banking sector. Reviewing the current trend in the industry will enable Westpac to identify the most appropriate sustainability strategies that best fits win accordance with its strategic mission and visions. Thus, all these measures are recommended to Westpac for enhancing its sustainability practices (To be good corporate citizens, banks must improve their sustainability reporting, 2012). Conclusion On the basis of the overall discussion, it can be stated that Westpac has strengthened its brand image in the recent years on the basis of implementing sustainability in all its business functions. The banking corporation has ensured the economic, social and environmental development through its business activities. Also, it effectively engages all its stakeholders in the decision-making process for protecting the interest of all the people directly or indirectly connected with the corporation. Westpac maintains accountability and transparency in its business model by complying with all the legal laws in the jurisdictions where it conducts its operations. It also develops and publishes its sustainable report for providing an assessment of its economic, environmental and social performance to all its stakeholders in accordance with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) standards. Westpac is recommended to conduct sustainability maturity assessment and sustainability initiative feedbac k analysis for ensuring its sustainable growth by continually monitoring and reviewing its sustainability performance. References Approach to reporting. (n.d.). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/about-westpac/sustainability/the-way-we-work/approach-to-reporting/ Enabling Prosperity: SuccessFactors ForIndigenous Economic Development. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/aw/Enabling_Prosperity_Success_Factors_for_Indigenous_Economic_Development.pdf Harrison, J.S. Wicks, A.C. (2013). Stakeholder Theory, Value, and Firm Performance. Business Ethics Quarterly 23(1), 97-124. Keith, N. (2010). Evolution of Corporate Accountability: From Moral Panic to Corporate Social Responsibility. Business Law International 11(3), 247-276. Leigh, L. (2016). Westpac launches Social Change Fellowship program to invest in people rather than projects. Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.startupdaily.net/2016/07/westpac-social-change-fellowship/ Smith, J. (2014). The World's Most Sustainable Companies of 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/jacquelynsmith/2014/01/22/the-worlds-most-sustainable-companies-of-2014/#7cefb6834d97 To be good corporate citizens, banks must improve their sustainability reporting. (2012). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://theconversation.com/to-be-good-corporate-citizens-banks-must-improve-their-sustainability-reporting-8523 Westpac Group Annual Review And Sustainability Report 2012. (2012). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/aw/ic/2012_Annual_Review_and_Sustainability_Report.pdf Westpac Group Sanctions Policy. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/aw/Westpac_Group_Sanctions_Policy.pdf Westpac Group: US Resolution Plan. (2013). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.federalreserve.gov/bankinforeg/resolution-plans/westpac-bking-3g-20131231.pdf Westpac Groups Principles for Doing Business. (2014). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/aw/Principles_for_doing_business.pdf Westpac. (n.d.). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/about-westpac/westpac-group/company-overview/about-us/ Westpac: Annual Report. (2008). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from [https://info.westpac.com.au/annualreport2008/default.aspx?PID=150 Westpacs Sustainable Supply Chain. (2015). Retrieved September 7, 2016, from https://www.westpac.com.au/docs/pdf/aw/sustainability/SSCM_CodeofConduct.pdf Wilson, M. (2003). Corporate sustainability: what is it and where does it come from? 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